Plug-in Solar Panels

Overview of Plug-in Solar Panels (Legal in Utah)

(updated September 7, 2026)

Plug-in solar panels are small, portable, solar panels with an inverter that can plug directly into a household 120-volt AC outlet. Utah was the first state in the country to pass legislation legalizing these systems in 2025. In 2025, HB 340 Solar Power Amendments, was passed unanimously by the Utah Legislature. This bill: 

• • Defines a “portable solar generation device” as having a maximum power output of 1,200 watts; is connected to a building through a standard 120-volt AC outlet; is used for customer consumption; meets the National Electrical Code; and is certified by Underwriters Laboratories or an equivalent laboratory. 

• • These devices are exempt from utility interconnection requirements and are not subject to utility net metering program requirements, while the utility is not liable for any damage or injury caused by the equipment. 

  • These devices must include a feature that prevents the system from energizing the building during a power outage.

Key Features

• Size and Components: Typically consist of one or two solar modules, a microinverter, and connection cables.

• Installation: Can be easily mounted on balconies, patios, or rooftops without significant structural modifications. And can be self installed.

• Output: Generally produces between 200 to 1,600 watts, enough to offset a portion of household energy consumption.

Benefits of Balcony Solar Panels

• Prices range from $300 to $2,200 (depending on the number of panels), significantly lower than traditional rooftop systems.

• No professional installation required; simply plug into an outlet.

• Can reduce electricity bills by $15 to $50 per month, depending on usage and location.

• Ideal for renters or those with unsuitable roofs for traditional solar panels.

• Are portable and can be moved as necessary. The panels are not a permanent part of a home or apartment.

Limitations

• Lower Energy Production: Generates less electricity compared to full rooftop systems, which can produce 3,000 to 9,000 watts.

Key Rules and Limits

• Power Cap: Systems are limited to a maximum generating capacity of 1,200 watts (typically about four panels). Systems larger than 1,200 watts require standard utility interconnection.

• No Utility Approval: Plug-in systems under the limit are completely exempt from utility interconnection and net metering rules.

• Safety Features: Inverters must include certified anti-islanding protection (such as UL 1741) to ensure the system automatically shuts off and does not back feed electricity into the grid during a power outage.

• Self-Installation: You do not need a state permit or a professional electrician for qualifying systems under the baseline state law, though plugging into a GFCI-protected outlet is recommended.

Market Adoption

The concept of plug-in solar is gaining traction in the United States. Utah was the first state to legalize the concept by passing laws to allow homeowners to bypass solar companies and power utilities. Plug-in solar panels offer a practical and affordable way for individuals to harness solar energy, particularly in urban settings where traditional installations may not be feasible.

Emergency Preparedness Disclaimer

Plug-in solar panels provide electricity when there is sunlight and insert the produced power into a home's electrical wiring. This will provide utility bill relief, but without a way to store the electricity produced by the panels - a battery - they offer no way to keep, for example, a refrigerator or freezer running during a winter blizzard. Click or touch HERE to jump to the "How to Keep My Refrigerator Running" page.

(We do not recommend or endorse specific products.)